2. Your EV's battery size
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The larger the battery, the more you&#;ll pay per charge. At the same time, a bigger EV battery usually translates to a longer range and lower cost per mile. Using our calculations from above, it&#;s almost $4 cheaper to fully charge a Nissan Leaf compared to a Tesla Model 3, but when you consider range, the Nissan Leaf actually costs more per mile.
3. The type of EV charger you use
Charging your EV is more complicated than the energy storage capacity of the battery itself. Some energy is lost as heat, some keeps the battery at an adequate temperature, and some escapes as transmission loss. The type of charger you use can impact the amount of energy expended on a charge.
EV chargers are classified as Level 1 (L1), Level 2 (L2), and Level (L3). Level 1 chargers (120-volt chargers, using a regular outlet) and Level 2 chargers (240-volt standard home EV chargers) convert alternating current (AC) electricity from your home into direct current (DC) electricity that your EV's battery can store and use. The heat produced by this AC-to-DC conversion causes some energy loss.
Level 3 chargers (400+ volt chargers found at charging stations) provide DC electricity, so no conversion losses occur. While L3 chargers are more efficient, their rapid charging capabilities can cause battery degradation. If you can, it&#;s best to save your L3 charging for long road trips or when you need a quick charge in a pinch.
Level 2 chargers give your EV approximately 12 to 80 miles per hour, meaning an overnight charge typically fills a fully depleted battery. These charging stations require some electrical work. They plug into a 50-amp (minimum), 208-240-V dedicated circuit and need a costly and heavy supply line from the breaker box, accounting for the price increase.
Level 3 charging stations cost an average of $20,000 for the parts alone and upwards of $50,000 for the installation. L3 stations also offer a massive amount of charging power&#;three to 20 minutes of range per minute. They also utilize an incredible amount of DC voltage (400V to 900V), which is why you don&#;t typically see them in residential settings.
Level 3 charging stations are not currently available for residential use, so their exorbitant prices aren&#;t factored into the average costs for homeowners.
Parts and labor account for most of the project price, but additional cost factors may impact certain homeowners.
Count on spending $100 to $200 on permits, especially if you are installing a Level 2 station with a dedicated circuit. The price of a permit varies by location, so check with local regulatory agencies or ask your contractor for accurate pricing. Always check with your local permitting office before starting work. Below is a breakdown of the most common prices for each section of the request:
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Application: $40&#;$60
Electrical Permit: $100&#;$200
Additional Handling Charges: $20&#;$40
Most garages don&#;t come with a 240-volt, 20 -to 100-amp circuit, and installing one costs $500 to $1,500. Many homeowners opt to wrap up this work as part of a complete garage remodel, particularly if they struggle to find room for the charging station. Remodeling a garage costs around $15,000 on average. Of course, many charging stations don&#;t need a garage, as the rate for both indoor and outdoor use, but you&#;ll still need the additional circuit for the L2 setup.
The wires that run from the breaker box to the system can raise your overall cost, especially if the system needs new or longer wires. Many modern charging stations have a Wi-Fi receiver, allowing users to check charging stats from their phones, so you&#;ll need to make sure the charging station connects to Wi-Fi. You can easily run an extender out to a garage at around $40, but if your station is further away from your main wireless Internet hub, you&#;ll need a whole new router, modem, and account.
Some chargers also allow for additional features, including an invoicing function and tracking how much energy gets pumped&#;both being helpful for work vehicles. There are also dedicated cable hangers, at the cost of $7 for ultra-basic designs to $300 for sturdy wall-mounted models.
Plugged-in, 240-volt connectors cost around $1,000 to $2,200 to install and are portable, easy to install, and less costly to repair than hardwired connectors, which cost $850 to $1,800 on average. Hardwired connectors for EV chargers are directly connected to your home&#;s electrical wiring. Since it&#;s wired directly into your electrical circuit, you can&#;t move hardwired connectors like you can with plugged-in connectors.
Indoor installation prices tend to be $50 to $100 less than outdoor installations. Outdoor stations need to be more weather-resistant than indoor stations, and some outdoor locations are farther away from home, requiring customized cable lengths. The extra security typically involves a holster for protecting the cable, though some homeowners might opt for building a roof over their outdoor charging station to further protect it from the elements.
Though costs for an electric vehicle station range from $300 to $50,000, location plays a major role in determining the total price. According to data from the EV Project, a governmental project run by the Department of Energy responsible for deploying more than 12,000 commercial and residential charging stations, the West coast charges just over $1,800 on average for a Level 2 residential charging unit, whereas the Southeast charges just under $800 on average.
For Level 1 stations, labor costs anywhere from $0 (if you just use a standard wall outlet) to $1,700 for extremely complex setups. Level 2 stations typically require a dedicated local electrician, with electrician costs ranging from $1,200 to $2,000. Level 3 stations are for commercial and public use but are incredibly labor-intensive and complex, often costing $50,000 or more for labor.
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