Various Types of Rubber Waterstops for Different Concrete Structures

Rubber waterstop is a commonly used waterproof element placed in the construction joints and deformation joints of foundation works of the concrete structure when pouring concrete. It has good elasticity, strong adaptability to deformation and great waterproof performance. In addition, it has great wear resistance, aging resistance and tear resistance. It is widely used in building constructions, underground facilities, tunnel culverts, canal aqueducts, dams, liquid storage structures, etc.

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There are many types of rubber waterstops that are used in different applications. If we fail to choose a proper rubber waterstop, it will absolutely bring a poor waterproof effect. Then how to choose the right rubber waterstop?

Generally, building waterproof degree, deformation joint deformation, hydrostatic pressure, application environments, operating temperature and economic factors are taken into consideration. Specifically, you may consider it from the following aspects.

Application Environment

• Natural rubber waterstop is enough for general waterproof purposes.
• When being used in corrosive environment with weak acid and alkali, neoprene waterstop is a good choice.
• When being used in environments with oils, nitrile rubber waterstop is highly recommended.
• When being used in environments with possible mold erosion, rubber waterstop with mouldproof function is a great choice; of which, its mouldproof grade shall be Grade 2 and above.

Operating Temperature

Operating temperature -25 °C to 60 °C -35 °C to 60 °C -40 °C to 60 °C Waterstop Neoprene Waterstop Natural Rubber Waterstop EPDM Rubber Waterstop

Structure Section Type

• Internal Rubber Waterstop

  Internal rubber waterstop is one of the most popular rubber waterstop characterized by symmetry. That is, it has symmetric ribs on both front and back surfaces. Besides, the ribs from center to edges are symmetric as well. It can be further divided into CB type (with a center bulb) and CP type (without a center bulb).

  CB-type internal rubber waterstop

  It refers to internal rubber waterstop that has a center bulb. It is also one of the most commonly used waterstop types. Characterized by close combination with concrete, great water-tight sealing effect and strong adaptability to joint expansion and contraction, it is mainly applicable to settlement joints, expansion joints and seismic joints of various concrete structures.

  CP-type internal rubber waterstop

  It refers to internal rubber waterstop without a center bulb. Featured by close combination with concrete, great water-tight sealing effect and excellent elastic tensile deformation, it is mainly applicable to the construction joints, complete shrinkage joints, incomplete shrinkage joints and expansion joints of various concrete structures with little deformation.

• External Rubber Waterstop

  External rubber waterstop is a kind of rubber waterstop with one flat surface and a surface with ribs. During the construction, the flat surface is placed on construction joints, therefore, it is named as external rubber waterstop or flat waterstop. It is a waterproof structure placed outside the deformation joints and settlement joints of underground concrete structures (water face). Its material elasticity and structural form make it have strong adaptability to the expansion and contraction of the concrete. In addition, pay attention to the protection of external waterstops installed when backfilling the outside of the concrete siding.

  External rubber waterstop is further divided into EB type (with a center bulb) and EP type (without a center bulb).

  EB-type external rubber waterstop

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  EP-type external rubber waterstop

  External rubber waterstop in concrete structure

• Swellable Rubber Waterstop

  Swellable rubber waterstop is a kind of rubber waterstop provided with expansible strips (red part as shown in the picture). Expansible strips extremely increase the adhesion between the rubber waterstop and the surrounding concreted, meanwhile, it solves the problem of circular-leaking. So the rubber waterstops with expansible strips are widely used as enhance anti-leaking products.

  Swellable rubber waterstop

  Swellable rubber waterstop in concrete structure

Steel-edge Rubber Waterstop

The steel-edge waterstop can change the water penetration path and extend the water by-pass seepage line. In the construction environment where the leakage water may contain corrosives, steel-edge waterstop can withstand certain corrosives.

Benefits

• It adopts a non-equal-thickness structure and divides the waterstop into the reinforced area and the waterproof area to makes all parts withstand stress evenly and reasonably.
• It adds installation holes in the steel plate and connects with steel reinforcements to make the waterstop fixed firmly and not easy to shift.
• The good bonding of galvanized steel plate and concrete makes the waterproof performance better.

In the protection project, steel-edge waterstop can ensure the waterproof effect of the project. It is also commonly used in projects with small area yet high impermeability requirements , such as casting pits and electric furnace foundation pits.

Steel-edge rubber waterstop

Steel-edge rubber waterstop in concrete project

When the waterstop encounters oil medium, nitrile waterstop should be used because nitrile rubber has better oil resistance.

When the waterstop corrodes media with weak acids and weak alkali, chloroprene rubber waterstop should be used because chloroprene rubber has better acid and alkali resistance.

When encountering the possibility of mold erosion, the mildew-proof performance of the rubber waterstop should be considered, and its mildew-proof grade should reach level 2 or above.

When the construction environment requires high anti-aging properties, EPDM rubber waterstops should be selected. For example, the anti-seepage cover sheet used on the panel dam is directly exposed to the sun, so EPDM rubber is selected.

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