How the TFT display works

28 Oct.,2024

 

How the TFT display works

1. How does TFT display work?


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How does TFT display work? TFT is the abbreviation of "Thin Film Transistor", which generally refers to thin film liquid crystal display, but actually refers to thin film transistor (matrix) - which can "actively" control each independent pixel on the screen, which is the origin of the so-called active matrix TFT.


So how exactly did the image come about? The basic principle is simple: the display screen is composed of many pixels that can emit light of any color, as long as each pixel is controlled to display the corresponding color, the purpose can be achieved. Backlight technology is generally used in TFT LCD display. In order to accurately control the color and brightness of each pixel, it is necessary to install a shutter-like switch behind each pixel. When the "shutter" is opened, the light can pass through, and the "shutter" is closed. Light cannot pass through. Of course, technically it is not as simple as it was just said.


LCD uses the characteristics of liquid crystals (it is liquid when heated, and crystallizes into a solid state when cooled). Generally, liquid crystals have three forms: Smectic liquid crystals similar to clay, and Nematic liquid crystals similar to thin matchsticks. Similar to cholesterol-like liquid crystals; liquid crystal displays use filaments, and when the external environment changes, its molecular structure will also change, so that it has different physical properties-it can achieve the purpose of allowing light to pass or block light-also It is the blinds just mentioned.


Everyone knows the three primary colors, so each pixel on the display screen needs to be composed of the three similar Fbasic components described above, which control the three colors of red, green, and blue respectively. Twisted nematic TFT LCD touch screen display is the most commonly used at present.


2. TFT display materials


TFT display is the mainstream display device on various notebook computers and desktops. Each liquid crystal pixel on this type of display is driven by a thin film transistor integrated behind the pixel, so TFT display is also a type of active matrix liquid crystal display device. It is one of the best LCD color displays. TFT display has the advantages of high responsivity, brightness, and high contrast, and its display effect is close to that of CRT display.


At the same time, TFT screen is also widely used in mid-to-high-end color screen mobile phones. There are three types of TFT display: colors, 160,000 colors, and 16 million colors, whose display effect is very good.

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TFT means that each liquid crystal pixel on the liquid crystal display is driven by a thin film transistor integrated behind it. In this way, high-speed brightness and high-contrast display screen information can be achieved. TFT_LCD (thin film transistor liquid crystal display) is a kind of most liquid crystal displays.

How does a TFT work?

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Essentially, if a voltage is applied to the gate of a TFT, the signal current can be controlled or altered. This current, called driving voltage, on the TFT-based LCD panel then flows from the source to drain and casts a signal to its sub-pixel, allowing light to pass through.

TFT LCD Display (Thin-Film-Transistor Liquid Crystal Display) technology has a sandwich-like structure with liquid crystal material filled between two glass plates. Two polarizer filters, color filters (RGB, red/green/blue) and two alignment layers determine exactly the amount of light is allowed to pass and which colors are created.

Each pixel in an active matrix is paired with a transistor that includes a capacitor which gives each sub-pixel the ability to retain its charge, instead of requiring an electrical charge sent each time it needed to be changed. The TFT layer controls light flow a color filter displays the color and a top layer houses your visible screen.

Utilizing an electrical charge that causes the liquid crystal material to change their molecular structure allowing various wavelengths of backlight to &#;pass-through&#;. The active matrix of the TFT display is in constant flux and changes or refreshes rapidly depending upon the incoming signal from the control device.

The pixels of TFT displays are determined by the underlying density (resolution) of the color matrix and TFT layout. The more pixels the higher detail is available. Available screen size, power consumption, resolution, interface (how to connect) define the TFT displays.

The pixels of TFT displays are determined by the underlying density (resolution) of the color matrix and TFT layout. The more pixels the higher detail is available. Available screen size, power consumption, resolution, interface (how to connect) define the TFT displays.

The TFT screen itself can&#;t emit light like OLED display, it has to be used with a back-light of white bright light to generate the picture. Newer panels utilize LED backlight (light emitting diodes) to generate their light and therefore utilize less power and require less depth by design.

TFT display modules include the TFT display screen, LED backlight, and driving circuitry.

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