Forging Method Of Titanium Material

Mar 30, 2023

Forging is a forming and processing method that applies external force to a titanium billet (excluding plates) to produce plastic deformation, change size, and shape, and improve performance for the manufacture of mechanical parts, workpieces, tools, or blanks. In addition, according to the slider movement, there is a vertical and horizontal movement of the slider (for Titanium forging of slender parts, lubrication and cooling, and the forging of parts for high-speed production), and the use of compensation devices can increase the movement in other directions. The above-mentioned methods differ in terms of forging force required, process, material utilization, output, dimensional tolerances, and lubrication and cooling methods, which are also factors that affect the level of automation.

According to the way, the billet is moved, forging can be classified as free forging, upsetting, extrusion, die forging, closed die forging, and closed upsetting. Closed die forging and closed upsetting have high utilization of material because there is no flying edge. It is possible to finish complex forgings in one process or several processes. Since there are no flying edges, the force area of the forging is reduced and the required load is also reduced. However, care should be taken not to make the billet completely restricted, and for this reason, it is necessary to strictly control the volume of the billet, to control the relative position of the dolly to measure the forgings and to try to reduce the wear of the dolly.

According to the movement of the forging die, forging can be divided into pendulum rolling, pendulum swivel forging, roll forging, wedge cross rolling, ring rolling, and inclined rolling. Pendulum rolling, pendulum swivel forging and ring rolling can also be processed by fine forging. In order to improve the utilization of material, roll forging and cross-rolling can be used as a pre-processing of slender materials. Like free forging, rotary forging is also partial forming, which has the advantage of being formed with less forging force compared to the forging size. In this forging method including free forging, the material expands from near the die surface to the free surface during processing, therefore, it is difficult to ensure accuracy. Therefore, by controlling the movement direction of the forging die and the rotary Titanium forging material process by computer, products with complex shapes and high accuracy can be obtained with lower forging forces, for example, the production of forgings such as turbine blades with many varieties and large sizes.

In order to obtain high accuracy should pay attention to prevent overload at the lower dead center, and control the speed and die position. Because these will have an impact on the forging tolerance, shape accuracy, and die life. In addition, in order to maintain accuracy, attention should be paid to measures such as adjusting the slide guide clearance, ensuring rigidity, adjusting the lower dead point, and using subsidized transmission devices.

Titanium forging material is mainly pure titanium and titanium alloy of various compositions, the original state of the material is the bar, ingot, metal powder, and liquid metal. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the metal before deformation to the cross-sectional area after deformation is called the forging ratio. The correct choice of forging ratio, reasonable heating temperature and holding time, reasonable starting forging temperature and final forging temperature, and reasonable deformation and deformation speed are very relevant to improve product quality and reducing costs. Generally, small and medium-sized forgings are made of round or square bars as billets. The grain organization and mechanical properties of the bar are uniform and good, the shape and size are accurate, the surface quality is good, and it is easy to organize mass production. As long as the heating temperature and deformation conditions are reasonably controlled, it does not require large forging deformation to forge forgings with excellent performance.