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The orange-colored clay warning track is seen between the outfield grass and the Green Monster, the left field wall at Fenway Park.The warning track is the part of the baseball field that is closest to the wall or fence and is made of a different material than the field. Common materials for the warning track include dirt or rubber; it should always be of a different material than the playing field.[1]:&#;18&#; The change of terrain serves as a "warning" for fielders trying to make a deep catch that they are running out of room, since it is often difficult for the fielder to keep his eye on a fly ball while keeping track of his position relative to the wall.[2] It runs parallel to the ballpark's outfield wall.[1]:&#;18&#; The track can also be utilized by vehicles on grass fields, thus preserving the playing field.[3]
Despite the warning track's presence, it is common to see outfielders crash into the wall to make a catch, due to a desire to field the play regardless of the outcome, because they fail to register the warning in time, as they are looking up at the fly ball, or because they do not know how many steps they will have on the track.[4]
The "track" part of the term comes from Old Yankee Stadium, where an actual running track was built for the use of track and field events.[5] In Major League Baseball formally began requiring a warning track.[4] There still are professional fields without a proper warning track, however, such as Tropicana Field, which uses brown-colored turf.[6]
The width of warning tracks can vary by rules and level of play.[1]:&#;18&#; In general it is designed to give fielders three steps of warning before the outfield wall.[7] The warning tracks in Major League Parks are roughly 16 feet (5 m) wide, while the warning track in Olympic stadiums are roughly 20 feet (6 m) wide, and on softball fields are often 10 feet (3 m).[1]:&#;18,&#;21&#;[8] When Major League Baseball instituted the warning track, it was 10 feet (3 m) wide.[4]
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Baseball is a sport rooted in rules and regulations. Everything in the game is standardized, planned, and coordinated, based on a guideline or precedent. Everything, that is, but the park itself: outfield sizes and wall heights vary across the entire league. There are 30 MLB stadiums. No two of them are alike.
In most professional sports, the playing surface and goal size are the same everywhere the game is played. Hockey nets are 178 feet apart. Basketball hoops are ten feet above the hardwood. And American football fields are 100 yards long. Not when it comes to baseball fields, though.
Once you leave the infield, where the pitcher's mound is always 10 inches high, and the bases are always 90 feet from each other, the major leagues have few discernible rules regarding field size or fence height. Pro ballparks come in all shapes and sizes, sometimes due to the shape of the city block on which they were built, sometimes just to add character.
Just check out how much variation exists in the fence heights of all 30 stadiums across left, center, and right field.
Each fence has a story to tell. In older stadiums, higher fences were often built in shorter sections of the outfield to prevent easy home runs, and in some cases, owners adjusted outfield walls between seasons based on their team's strengths. In modern retro parks, artificial quirks are added to the outfield fence and boundary, sometimes to make room for features like swimming pools or Coors Field's Rockpile, and sometimes purely for aesthetics.
The inconsistencies and idiosyncrasies of pro baseball fields have fascinated me for years. In this piece, the first in a series on the irregular outfields of baseball, I look at the seven different types of MLB parks, what makes them distinct, and where the varying sizes in their outfields come from.
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