Technical field
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The present invention relates to the construction of concrete lining equipment technology fields such as Railway Tunnel, freeway tunnel, diversion tunnel, underground grottoes, culvert, especially relate to a kind of common template that can adapt to the lining construction steel form carrier that radian size changes within the specific limits, the invention still further relates to the installation and application of this common template.
Background technology
Steel form carrier is the difference of mode of building according to the difference of tunnel Internal periphery shape, tunnel lining concrete in constructing tunnel, a kind of special-purpose machinery construction equipment of cast tunnel inside lining the reinforcement of concrete, there is the advantages such as cost is low, easy to use, be widely used in railway, highway, Construction for Hydroelectric Project.Use formwork jumbo not only can avoid construction interference, improve efficiency of construction, the more important thing is the lining construction quality substantially increased in tunnel, also improve the mechanization degree of constructing tunnel simultaneously.Although steel form carrier pattern is many, structure is substantially identical, is all to be made up of template part, door breast piece, running gear, supporting mechanism, translation system and other fixtures.
Steel form carrier used at present, its template piecemeal is substantially as follows: along tunnel cross-section direction, use arc formwork five pieces a group (or seven pieces a group) as shown in Figure 1, these several pieces of templates are stitched together by the arc of tunnel cross-section, form the shape consistent with treating the tunnel Internal periphery of lining cutting; Along tunnel axis direction, single form length is 1.5 ~ 2.0 meters, establishes 4 ~ 8 pieces of templates along tunnel axis direction; Profile after its installation and expanded view are shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3.Because the radian of each engineering sections such as Railway Tunnel, freeway tunnel, diversion tunnel, underground grottoes, culvert is not identical, so all need to make the lining shuttering that a set of and required trimmed tunnel section radius adapts during each construction just can complete construction task.After this project completion, this cover template generally will be disposed as scrap iron, causes great waste, adds the construction cost of individual works.
In order to reduce the cost of individual works, way popular is in the market further conversion after being reclaimed by manufacturing firm old lining shuttering.Main remodeling method is by original used old template, uses the radian of the original templates of process reform such as cutting, welding, to adapt to the requirement in the tunnel of next required lining cutting.This method, can only to original template transformation one to twice, and after transformation repeatedly, template just thoroughly loses its use value as lining shuttering; The template quality transformed in this way is not also ensured.
In addition, use a set of template to there has also been certain methods to adapt to the construction of multiple different cross section lining concrete in tunnel, concrete solution roughly has following two kinds:
1, under side template changes less or immovable prerequisite, arch template is changed.This method is applicable to the lining cutting work of single-track railway tunnel.Specific implementation method has two kinds: one to be when after tunnel lining changes of section, arch arc section template is all changed, and retains side template, but waste is still serious like this, does not tackle the problem at its root.Two is that vault template is divided into two parts, when after tunnel lining changes of section, increases template to realize reducing, use and be articulated and connected between arch template and side template between vault template two parts.The shortcoming of the program is: 1), cannot realize the continuous reducing of lining shuttering; 2), the difference amplitude of variation of the cambered surface radius of lining cutting is little, generally can not be greater than 40cm; 3), single-track railway tunnel side wall lining amplitude is constant, only adjusts arch template, is a kind of method that local changes radius; 4) speed, changing radius is slower; 5), must to construct in advance short abutment wall.
2, the standard combination steel form using polylith 30cm wide or the little template with radian, splice and expand, and adjustment mast height and width carry out trimmed tunnel simultaneously at tunnel cross-sections and axis both direction.What use the wide standard combination steel form lining cutting different section radius tunnel of polylith 30cm to utilize is thought with Qu Daizhi.The shortcoming of the method is that need to reinstall adjustment template, workload is large, and speed of application is slow, and the die parting line on lining cutting surface is more, unsightly, and easily runs mould when after the height and width of adjustment door frame.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of common template that can adapt to the lining construction steel form carrier that radian size changes within the specific limits, namely a set of template repeatedly can use in the akin lining construction of radius, reduces lining cutting cost; The present invention also provides the installation and application of this common template simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the present invention can take following technical proposals:
The common template of lining construction steel form carrier of the present invention, comprise the modular unit that polylith is made up of with the template framework being arranged on described arc formwork periphery the arc formwork of rectangle structure, described arc formwork is the rectangle template be bent to form along its minor face; On longitudinal plate face on the described long limit of template framework two, equiblibrium mass distribution has template connecting hole; Be disposed on the boundary frame area between the long limit of template framework two above described rectangle template and be evenly equipped with model sheetinstallat hole.
The outer arc chord length of described rectangle template is greater than 0.9m.
The using method of lining construction steel form carrier common template of the present invention is: first sorted out in tunnel close for section radius, manufacture the common template of a set of structure as claimed in claim 1; According to treating that the real radius of trimmed tunnel manufactures bow member, and on the brace rod of described bow member, set out the connecting hole corresponding with the model sheetinstallat hole on common template boundary frame area, then by the boundary frame area of common template successively bolt on described bow member, the screwing force of connecting bolt is utilized to make the rectangle template of common template produce elastic deformation, eliminate rectangle template and treat the gap between trimmed tunnel section radius, finally adjacent two common templates are connected as a single entity by the bolt be located between the template connecting hole on longitudinal plate face, the long limit of template framework two.
The invention has the advantages that the modular unit of composition common template to change into along the curved panel of long spring song and bend along minor face, form rectangle template, make modular unit longer along tunnel axis direction, it is shorter along tunnel cross-section direction that (lining shuttering that tradition uses is shorter along tunnel axis direction, longer along tunnel cross-section direction), change traditional welded type template into bolts assemblies formula simultaneously, and be equipped with bow member (a kind of cross section, tunnel of radius size is equipped with a kind of bow member) according to the section radius of actual tunnel, the screwing force of connecting bolt is utilized to make template produce elastic deformation, thus the gap of eliminating between rectangle template and Lining Transverse Section, ensure that the cross section, tunnel of mounted template and required lining cutting matches, a set of common template is only needed during cross section, the tunnel construction making radius close, greatly reduce lining cutting cost.Meanwhile, the rectangle template that the present invention adopts, the seam length after installing on arcuate surface greatly reduces, and improve the concrete quality of cast tunnel inside lining, lining cutting surface is also more attractive in appearance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing modular unit.
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Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are structure chart after existing model sheetinstallat and expanded view respectively.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of modular unit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the end view drawing of rectangle template in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 be common template of the present invention install after structure chart and expanded view.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, the common template of lining construction steel form carrier, comprise the modular unit that polylith is made up of with the template framework 1 being arranged on arc formwork periphery the arc formwork of rectangle structure, for making it have certain versatility, arc formwork is the rectangle template 2 be bent to form along its minor face; On longitudinal plate face on template framework 1 liang of long limit, equiblibrium mass distribution has template connecting hole 3; Be disposed on the face that the boundary frame area 4(between the long limit of template framework two above rectangle template 2 is connected with bow member 6) on be evenly equipped with model sheetinstallat hole 5.
For utilizing the elastic deformation amount of rectangle template 2, to eliminate template and to treat the gap between trimmed tunnel profiled outline, the outer arc chord length L of rectangle template 2 is greater than 0.9m, and when generally L is greater than 1.2m, effect is better, and its outer arc radius is R, and thickness is h.
The using method of lining construction steel form carrier common template of the present invention is: first sorted out in tunnel close for section radius, manufacture the common template of a set of structure as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5; According to treating that the real radius of trimmed tunnel manufactures bow member 6, and on the brace rod of bow member 6, set out the connecting hole corresponding with the model sheetinstallat hole 5 on common template boundary frame area, then by the boundary frame area 4 of common template successively bolt on bow member 6, the screwing force of connecting bolt 7 is utilized to make the rectangle template 2 of common template produce elastic deformation, eliminate rectangle template 2 and the gap for the treatment of trimmed tunnel cross section profile, finally adjacent two common templates are connected as a single entity by the bolt be located between the template connecting hole on longitudinal plate face, the long limit of template framework two; As shown in Figure 6, Fig. 7 is its expanded view to structure chart after lining construction steel form carrier common template installation of the present invention.
Concrete steps during construction are:
The first step, carries out classified packets by various tunnels sectional dimension (radius according to tunnel cross section), divides tunnel cross section close for radius into a group.
According to the difference of application target, tunnel generally can be divided into: several large classes such as railway tunnel, highway tunnel, diversion tunnel, culvert tunnel; Railway tunnel can be divided into the group such as high-speed railway, common railway tunnel; High-speed railway can be divided into the group such as two-wire, single-track tunnel again.Such as high ferro double track tunnel group comprises 350km/h, 250km/h, and with 200km/h tri-kinds of tunnel cross-sections, its section radius is respectively mm, mm, mm, and radius relatively, can be divided into a group.Speedway also can divide different groups according to the number of track quantity.
Second step, tunnel with a small group shares a set of template: in same a small group, design template, the Deviation Control of common template and trimmed tunnel profiled outline within 2 ~ 3mm, utilize the little deviation principle of substitution, thus realize the generalization of template in same a small group.Suppose that the tunnel radius of a certain group section radius adjoining dimensions is respectively R1, R2, R3 ... Rn, wherein R1 >=R2 >=R3 >=... >=Rn, the extrados of common template is (namely with the face needing trimmed tunnel intrados to contact, common template outer arc radius is R) and required trimmed tunnel intrados (radius is R1) between maximum clearance distance be H1, differ Hn with the arc of section radius Rn, H1 and Hn General Requirements is less than 3mm.
3rd step, utilizes the gap between elastic deformation elimination rectangle template 2 and required trimmed tunnel intrados.In order to eliminate these clearance distances of H1, Hn, make and radius R 1, R2, R3 ... the corresponding section radius of Rn is r1, r2, r3 ... the bow member 6 of rn, wherein r1=(R1-h), r2=(R2-h), r3=(R3-h) ... rn=(Rn-h), rectangle template 2 connecting bolt 7 is fixed on bow member 6 successively, utilize the screwing force of connecting bolt 7 to make rectangle template 2 produce elastic deformation, eliminate the gap between rectangle template 2 and the tunnel lining cross section of required construction.
Adopt common template of the present invention to comprise 350km/h, 250km/h and 200km/h three kinds of tunnel cross-sections (its section radius is respectively mm, mm, mm) to high ferro double track tunnel group and carry out lining construction, the outer arc chord length L=mm of the rectangle template 2 of common template, outer arc radius R=mm, thickness h=120mm.
When using the tunnel of common template lining cutting section radius R1=mm, outer arc two ends, common template cross section and required trimmed tunnel intrados clearance distance are 2.4mm.When using the tunnel of common template lining cutting section radius R2=mm, outer arc two ends, common template cross section and required trimmed tunnel intrados clearance distance are 0.8mm.When using the tunnel of common template lining cutting section radius R3=mm, outer arc center, common template cross section and required trimmed tunnel intrados clearance distance are 2mm.
In order to eliminate these gaps, use the bow member 6 of r1=mm, r2=mm, r3=mm respectively, be fixed on bow member 6 by the rectangle template 2 of connecting bolt 7 by common template, tighten connecting bolt 7, by the elastic deformation of rectangle template 2, gap is eliminated.
The present invention not only achieves the general of when the lining construction that radius is close template, and form joint 8(is shown in Fig. 7) total length also reduce a lot than conventional method, as used traditional template (8 pieces, tunnel axis direction, 5 pieces, tunnel cross-section direction composition), lining cutting radius mm, during the double track tunnel of length 12m, seam length (die parting line) overall length is 194m, and use common template of the present invention (1 piece, tunnel axis direction, 13 pieces, tunnel cross-section direction composition) tunnel of the same length of lining cutting, the length (die parting line) of seam 8 is only 144m, improve the quality of cast tunnel inside lining concrete slab, lining cutting surface is also more attractive in appearance.
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