Battery technology has developed rapidly in the last few years. Solar households connected to the grid now have more options to store their own renewable energy. They can use that electricity at a later time to reduce their bills, charge their battery at times of the day when grid electricity is cheaper, or install a system designed to provide backup during a power outage.
Solar PV with batteries doesn&#;t suit all households just yet, but it might be a perfect combination for you, and could set you up for significant savings on energy bills for many years to come.
Once a battery system is installed, households may want to consider joining an Aggregation program or a Virtual Power Plant trial (VPP), where a large number of rooftop solar panels and battery storage systems are linked, using smart technology to meet local demand for grid electricity.
What to consider before buying a solar battery system:
If you want to use solar to go completely off-grid, there are two types of charge controllers to consider: PWM controllers and MPPT controllers.
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PWM solar charge controllers are the standard type of charge controller available to solar shoppers. They are simpler than MPPT controllers and generally less expensive. PWM controllers work by slowly reducing the amount of power going into your battery as it approaches capacity. When your battery is full, PWM controllers maintain a state of "trickle," which means they supply a tiny amount of power constantly to keep the battery topped off.
With a PWM controller, your solar panel system and your home battery need to have matching voltages. In larger solar panel systems designed to power your whole home, panel and battery voltage aren't typically the same. As a result, PWM controllers are more suited for small DIY solar systems with a couple of low-voltage panels and a small battery.
MPPT solar charge controllers are a more expensive and complex charge controller option, often coming with items like lcd displays and bluetooth. They provide the same switch-like protection that a PWM controller does and will reduce the power flowing to your home battery as it nears capacity.
Unlike PWM controllers, MPPT charge controllers can pair non-matching input voltages from panels and batteries. MPPT controllers adjust their input to bring in the maximum power possible from your solar array and can also vary their output power to match the attached battery. This means that MPPT charge controllers are more efficient than PWM controllers and more effectively utilize the full power of your solar panels to charge a home battery system.
If efficiency were the only concern in purchasing a controller, an MPPT controller would be the best choice every time. But it's not always practical. Selecting the right solar charge controller involves several factors beyond just efficiency.
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