Today we are going to take a dive into the mini excavator and go over all the important details of what you need to know. This article will explain the different sizing categories of a mini excavator, common jobs they are used for, how they compare to standard excavators, how to choose the right mini excavator for jobs and more. If you are curious about anything to do with a mini excavator, this is the article for you.
The mini excavator has capabilities similar to an excavator, with the added benefit of being able to work in small spaces.
The mini excavator goes by many names including the mini ex, small excavator, mini digger, mini hoe and compact excavator. No matter what you call this machine, the small compact excavator is small enough to get any type of precise digging done.
A boom, dipper &#; or stick &#; and bucket connects to a cab that sits on a rotating house. Most houses can rotate a full 360 degrees. Mini excavators can be fitted with either tracks or wheels.
Mini excavators are categorized as having an operating weight under 4,535 kg (9,999 lbs). The smallest mini excavator can fit through a doorway. Their bucket sizes can range from 12 &#; 24 inches and can always be replaced with another attachment to tackle any job. Many companies, however, label their mini excavators as compact excavators. Compact excavators usually have a cut-off weight of 18,000 lbs. However, most companies often group both mini and compact excavators under the same category.
Most mini excavators are used for light demo, material handling, stump removal, construction projects or landscaping.
Because of these capabilities, mini excavators are often used for smaller projects in construction and landscaping. These include:
Installing pools and hot tubs
Demoing of small buildings
Repairing sewer lines
Tree harvesting
Grave digging
Home renos
Landscaping projects
Roadside applications
General digging projects
How to Choose The Right Mini Excavator For Your Project
The best way to find the right excavator for a project is to plan. Knowing exactly what kind of role the excavator will play on site will help determine what kind of excavator is needed. As a result, your job can actually become more efficient. It can be more efficient for a job to rent the right size equipment for what is needed instead of trying to make one piece fit for a variety of jobs.
The Mini Excavator VS Standard Excavators
The mini excavator and standard excavator both have a time and place for best use. This means that the mini excavator can be better suited for certain jobs over a standard excavator. It is always important to choose an equipment type based off the project demands instead of personal preference. This helps to prioritize efficiency and productivity in all projects.
Mini excavators are smaller and lighter meaning they offer reduced top-ground damage and reduced track marks. Similar to standard excavators, mini excavators are also available with tracks or wheels depending on the nature of a project and terrain of a site.
Beneficial for Busy or Compact Project Sites
The small size of mini excavators make them more popular for high traffic work sites or for working around other equipment types. Not only can they drive over parking lots with less hassle but are much easier to transport between projects. Even though they are lighter it is always important to check that a trailer can support the weight of a piece of equipment before loading it.
Mini excavators are usually used for less intense projects than a standard excavator meaning that they have a longer life span. Just like standard excavators they can be fitted with all types of attachments to diversity their abilities.
Renting a mini excavator on a per-project basis can be much more efficient than trying to use one standard-sized excavator for all jobs. Search for mini excavators on DOZR to see the variety of sizes and attachments available near you.
Attachments for mini excavators include a dozer blade, hammer, auger, grapple or breaker and many more. All of these attachments - and more - are available for rent. A more complete list of mini ex attachment include:
Buckets and Couplers, including&#;
4-in-1 bucket
ditching bucket
V-Bottom bucket
trapezoid bucket
Power tilt pin grab
Power wedge, and more
Mini excavators can also be fitted with dozer blades to help them move materials around site. Further, a dozer blade attachment can add a stability factor to the equipment, especially if it&#;s a wheeled mini excavator. Mini ex attachments replace the bucket at the end of the boom which helps to increase the versatility of the equipment.
Manufacturers & Models of Mini Excavators
Whether looking to buy or rent a mini excavator, there are a variety of manufacturers to consider.
Caterpillar
Also called CAT, Caterpillar was founded in when
C. L. Best Tractor Company joined with
Holt Manufacturing Company &#; the same Holt family responsible for the continual-track system.
Caterpillar is one of the most recognized brands of heavy equipment and machinery and is one of the largest heavy equipment manufacturing companies in the world.
With an operating weight of 11,443 lbs, the CAT 305E2 CR is a mini hydraulic excavator with a swing boom of 40.2 hp. It is a mid-range compact excavator which can be fitted with a variety of attachments to assist in all stages of a project.
Yanmar
Viewed as the birthplace of the diesel mini excavator, Yanmar offers eight different compact excavators, six of which feature a true zero tail swing cab. Designed to be fuel-efficient and to provide flexibility, Yanmar considers themselves to be a leader in compact equipment.
The Vi050-6A is a compact excavator that swings and turns completely within its own track allowing the ability to dig and trench in extremely tight spaces. Featuring a 39 hp Final Tier 4 Yanmar diesel engine, this excavator has a digging depth of 12 ft 3 in and an operating weight of 10,417 lbs.
Bobcat
Bobcat grew from the creation of the skid steer and is a well-known manufacturer of this type of machine. Now supplying both mini and full-sized excavators, the Bobcat R-Series Excavators are designed to make digging easier than ever. With a variety of dig depth, arm configuration and tail swing style there is a Bobcat excavator for every job.
Bobcat mini excavators are available from 2,593 lbs to 18,977 lbs. Just like the Hitachi compact excavators, the weight can extend beyond the standard for a &#;mini&#; excavator. The Bobcat E10, E20, E26, E32, E35 and E42 all fall under the 10,00 weight restriction to be considered a mini.
The Bobcat E35 Compact Excavator features a zero tail-swing, advanced hydraulic system and a two-speed travel feature. It is a popular mid-range model fit for any project.
JCB
With 10 different models of full-size and compact excavators JCB manufactures a variety of excavator types. Mini and compact excavators are designed to provide excellent comfort, controllability, reliability, serviceability and performance. They are the five attributes that JBC puts into all their equipment.
Precise control and an exceptional workspace for the operator, the JCB 18Z-1, 19C-1 and mini excavators are easy to transport and ideal for confined projects. The 18Z-1 is their most popular compact excavator. With an operational weight of 1,749 kg (3,856 lbs) and a dig depth of 9 ft 4 in the 18Z-1 was designed to increase profits and decrease downtime.
Hitachi
Having sold over 2.5 million excavators around the world Hitachi is known for and focused on excavators and excavators alone. They currently make over 30 different types of excavators. These include foresters, wheeled excavators, mining excavators and shovels, construction/production excavators and reduced-tail-swing excavators.
Categorized as &#;compact excavators&#;, the ZAXIS Dash-5 models is available from a max operating weight of 1,720 kg (3,790 lbs) up to 6,145 kg (13,547 lbs). The heaviest compact excavator is the ZX60USB-5 and goes slightly over the 4,535 kg (9,999 lbs) definition weight of a &#;mini&#; excavator. The Hitachi compact excavators are small and mighty tools that can be helpful on any job site.
Potential Hazards & Safety Protocols for Mini Excavators
Operating any kind of heavy equipment could pose a safety hazard. It is important to always be careful and to only operate a piece of heavy equipment after receiving proper training.
The US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires that any employees tasked with the operation of heavy equipment &#; mini excavators included &#; are efficiently trained to ensure safe operation of the equipment. Always ask for training and never operate a piece of heavy equipment that you have not been trained on.
Many safety protocols for mini excavators mimic those for a standard excavator. They include but are not limited to:
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Wearing a seatbelt
Cleaning and adjusting mirrors before using the equipment
Never transport riders in a bucket
Surveying job site plans and the status of a work area before starting to dig
Avoiding sudden movements
Never dig underneath a mini excavator
Wearing high visibility clothing, hard hats, ear protection, and face mask when applicable
Driving on a route that is as flat as possible
Avoiding rough and uneven terrain
Familiarize yourself with the max weight and lifting restrictions of a mini excavator before attempting to lift material or a load. If at any point it does not feel safe to operate a mini ex or any other kind of equipment stop and speak to a supervisor.
The History of the Mini Excavator
The history of the mini excavator starts off with the creation of the excavator which came from the first ever steam shovel.
The steam shovel was invented by William Otis. The equipment would travel on railway tracks and could move up to 300 cubic yards of material a day. This machine was used to build the Panama Canal and dig the foundations of early skyscrapers. The last steam shovel was sold in and hydraulic shovels took over.
Sir W.G. Armstrong & Co invented the first hydraulic system in which was then used by Kilcore Machine Co to develop the first hydraulic excavator 15 years later.
There are two separate incidents noting the creation of the mini excavator. There is the &#;first&#; mini excavator &#; &#;the smalley&#; &#; and the first self-propelled mini excavator &#; the YNB300.
The smalley mini excavator, which would be moved by using the front digger to lift and drag itself across the ground on its back wheels. Image borrowed fromEarthmovers Magazine.The Smalley Mini Excavator
Invented by Richard Smalley, this piece of equipment is credited with the very first mini excavator. With no actual engine and sporting only two wheels on a single axis, the Smalley excavator moves by the operator using the digging arm to pull itself forward on the two wheels.
These compact pieces of equipment were great for tight spaces and smaller jobs. Because they were self-walking (or could be towed behind another piece of equipment for longer journeys) they were very cost-effective. Richard Smalley invented this piece of equipment in .
Yanmar introduced the first diesel powered self-propelled mini excavator in . Founded in Osaka, Japan in , the company specialized in diesel engines and also makes fishing equipment as well as heavy machinery. In Yanmar worked on producing the world&#;s smallest diesel engine. This invention is what most likely lead to the creation of a small, compact, mini version of the excavator.
A mini excavator can be used for removing tree stumps. Using the right sized mini ex and having the right attachments to add help to make a mini excavator a great tool for a variety of jobs.
A backhoe features a backhoe digger on the back and a loader or other attachment on the front. A mini excavator is a small excavator with just a single digging arm on the front.
In a backhoe, the operator seat within the cab swivels 180 degrees to allow for the operation of the equipment either at the front or back of the tractor. A backhoe is used for a variety of jobs like digging, lifting, moving, grading, etc.
A mini excavator has one single arm with a bucket &#; or other attachment &#; on the end. The entire cab rotates and is mostly used for digging.
Yes, mini excavators can be rented. Search construction equipment rentals on DOZR to see the variety of mini excavator sizes that are available.
Mini excavators can be rented for daily, weekly, or monthly rentals.
How much does it cost to rent a mini excavator?
The rental cost of a mini excavator varies depending on how long the rental is for, whom the supplier is and where you are renting it. Search for a mini excavator on DOZR to view all pricing.
A compact or mini excavator is a tracked or wheeled vehicle with an approximate operating weight from 0.7 to 8.5 tonnes.[1] It generally includes a standard backfill blade and features independent boom swing.
Hydraulic excavators are somewhat different from other construction equipment in that all movement and functions of the machine are accomplished through the transfer of hydraulic fluid. The compact excavator's work group and blade are activated by hydraulic fluid acting upon hydraulic cylinders. The excavator's slew (rotation) and travel functions are also activated by hydraulic fluid powering hydraulic motors.
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The compact excavator has its origins with equipment manufacturer Akio Takeuchi who founded the Takeuchi Manufacturing company in . Created as an improvement to overcome issues that other manufacturers typically ignored. It was first introduced in when Akio was asked to create a smaller excavator that could work specifically on house foundations. This excavator was more compact, versatile and able to perform greater than its larger counterparts.[2]
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A Bobcat mini excavator. Note the backfill bladeMost compact hydraulic excavators have three distinct assemblies: house, undercarriage and workgroup.
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The house structure contains the operator's compartment, engine compartment, hydraulic pump and distribution components. The house structure is attached to the top of the undercarriage via a swing bearing. The house, along with the workgroup, is able to rotate or slew upon the undercarriage without limit due to a hydraulic distribution valve which supplies oil to the undercarriage components.
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Slewing refers to rotating the excavator's house assembly. Unlike a conventional backhoe, the operator can slew the entire house and workgroup upon the undercarriage for spoil placement.
A Kubota compact excavator[
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The undercarriage consists of rubber or steel tracks, drive sprockets, rollers, idlers and associated components/structures. The undercarriage supports the house structure and the workgroup.
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The workgroup of a compact hydraulic excavator consists of the boom, dipper or arm, and attachment (e.g. auger, bucket or breaker). It is connected to the front of the excavator's house structure via a swing frame that allows the workgroup to be hydraulically pivoted left or right to achieve offset digging for trenching parallel with the tracks. Certain manufacturers including Terex and Caterpillar (CAT) offer an extendable boom option, much like the extendable boom of a backhoe loader.
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The primary purpose of boom swing is for offset digging around obstacles or along foundations, walls or forms. A secondary use is cycling in areas too narrow for cab rotation. Independent boom swing is one of the major advantages of a compact excavator over other excavation equipment.
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The backfill blade is used for grading, leveling, backfilling, trenching, and general dozer work. The blade can be used to increase dump height and digging depth depending on its position in relation to the excavator's workgroup, this makes it very versatile. It is also used to stabilize the machine while digging.
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A NPK breaker fitted to a Wacker Neuson compact excavatorIn recent years, hydraulic excavator capabilities have expanded far beyond excavation tasks. With the advent of hydraulic powered attachments such as a tiltrotator, breaker, a grapple or an auger, the excavator is frequently used in many applications other than excavation and with the tiltrotator attachment, actually serves as an effective tool carrier. Many excavators feature quick coupler (quick-attach) mounting systems for simplified attachment mounting, dramatically increasing the machine's utilization on the jobsite.
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A Wacker Neuson excavator with zero-tail. The tail does not extend to the street. A Bobcat excavator is digging for the laying of a broadband cable in central Ystad.There are two distinct classes of compact excavators, conventional tail swing - units that have a rear counterweight that will extend beyond the tracks when the house rotates, and zero-tail swing - units with a house whose diameter stays within the width of the tracks through full rotation. Zero-tail swing units allow operators to focus on digging and not looking at where they are swinging and are intended for operation in limited spaces, like next to a wall.
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